Luke 20
The Authority of Jesus Questioned
Who questioned Jesus' authority? (Verse 1-2)
What was said about the leaders in Luke 19:47-48?
What was Jesus' reply? (Verse 3)
Why did they answer with “We don’t know where it was from.”? (verse 5-6)
The Parable of the Tenants
When does Jesus tell the parable in verses 9-19? (Luke 18-20:19)
When did he send a servant to the tenants? (Verse 10)
What was the reason for sending the servant? (Verse 10)
What did the tenants do to the servant?
How did they treat another servant? (Verse 11)
What did the tenants do when he sent a third? (Verse 12)
What did the owner say? (Verse 13)
What conclusion did the tenants make? (Verse e14)
Who did they throw out of the vineyard? (verses 1-15)
What tense is verse 15-16?
What did the people hear? (Verse 1-16)
What did the people say in response? (Verse 16)
What does Jesus ask after they say this? (Verse 17)
What was written? (Verse 17)
What does Jesus say about what is written? (Verse 18)
"Everyone who falls on that stone will be ___________ to pieces; anyone on whom it falls will be _____________.” (verse 18)
"The teachers of the law and the chief priests looked for a way to arrest him ___________, because they knew he had spoken this parable against them. But they were afraid of the people." (verse 19)
Paying Taxes to Caesar
What did the teachers of the law and chief priests do? (Verse 19-20)
What did the spies pretend to be? (Verse 20)
What did the spies say before they asked their question? (verse 21)
What did the spies ask about? (Verse 22)
Did Jesus see through their duplicity? (verse 23)
What does Jesus ask? (Verse 23)
“Then give back to Caesar what is Caesar’s, and to God what is ____________.” - Verse 25 (for. Psalm 24)
Were the spies able to trap Jesus? (Verse 26)
(cor. Proverbs 29:6-16 and Psalms 141:10 and Proverbs 26:27)
The Resurrection and Marriage
What do the Sadducees believe about the resurrection? (Verse 27)
Who do the Sadducees talk about? (Verse 28)
What is the scenario they ask Jesus about? (verse 27-40)
"Jesus replied, “The people of this age marry and are given in marriage.
But those who are considered worthy of taking part in the age to come and in the resurrection from the dead will neither marry nor be given in marriage,
and they can no longer die; for they are like the angels. They are God’s children, since they are children of the resurrection.
But in the account of the burning bush, even Moses showed that the dead rise, for he calls the Lord ‘the God of __________, and the God of ________, and the God of __________.’
He is not the God of the dead, but of the living, for to him ______ are alive.” (34-38)
Who replied by saying, "Well said, teacher!"? (Verse 39)
Did they ask Jesus more questions? (Verse 40)
Whose Son Is the Messiah?
Did Jesus ask them a question? (Verse 41)
“Why is it said that the Messiah is the _______ of David?
David himself declares in the Book of Psalms:
“‘The Lord said to my Lord:
“Sit at my right hand
until I make your enemies
a footstool for your feet.”’
“Sit at my right hand
until I make your enemies
a footstool for your feet.”’
David calls him ‘__________.’ How then can he be his son?” (verse 42-44)
Warning Against the Teachers of the Law
When did Jesus tell his disciples, “Beware of the teachers of the law. They like to walk around in flowing robes and love to be greeted with respect in the marketplaces and have the most important seats in the synagogues and the places of honor at banquets.
They devour widows’ houses and for a show make lengthy prayers. These men will be punished most severely.”? (verse 45)
What does Jesus say about widows' houses? (verse 47)
What does Jesus say about their prayers? (Verse 47)
How does Jesus say they will be punished? (Verse 47)
Interpretation
"John’s baptism—was it from heaven, or of human origin?”
What would each answer mean for the chief priests and teachers of the law?
Jesus said, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I am doing these things.”
Did the chief priests and teachers of the law allow John to preach and baptize?
Did the chief priests and teachers of the law allow John to preach and baptize and not know where John was given his authority?
What Psalm is Jesus quoting in verse 17 and in what context was this Psalm referenced recently? (verse 17)
Were they spies looking for either answer they presented in verse 22?
What problems are addressed by Jesus in verse 27-40?
Thoughts
A denarius amounted to about a days wage.
"Whose image and inscription are on it?"
Application
“Then give back to Caesar what is Caesar’s, and to God what is God’s.”
"Beware of the teachers of the law. They like to walk around in flowing robes and love to be greeted with respect in the marketplaces and have the most important seats in the synagogues and the places of honor at banquets. They devour widows’ houses and for a show make lengthy prayers. These men will be punished most severely.”
Luke 20New International Version (NIV)
The Authority of Jesus Questioned
20 One day as Jesus was teaching the people in the temple courts and proclaiming the good news, the chief priests and the teachers of the law, together with the elders, came up to him. 2 “Tell us by what authority you are doing these things,” they said. “Who gave you this authority?”
3 He replied, “I will also ask you a question. Tell me: 4 John’s baptism—was it from heaven, or of human origin?”
5 They discussed it among themselves and said, “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ he will ask, ‘Why didn’t you believe him?’ 6 But if we say, ‘Of human origin,’ all the people will stone us, because they are persuaded that John was a prophet.”
7 So they answered, “We don’t know where it was from.”
8 Jesus said, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I am doing these things.”
The Parable of the Tenants
9 He went on to tell the people this parable: “A man planted a vineyard, rented it to some farmers and went away for a long time. 10 At harvest time he sent a servant to the tenants so they would give him some of the fruit of the vineyard. But the tenants beat him and sent him away empty-handed. 11 He sent another servant, but that one also they beat and treated shamefully and sent away empty-handed. 12 He sent still a third, and they wounded him and threw him out.
13 “Then the owner of the vineyard said, ‘What shall I do? I will send my son, whom I love;perhaps they will respect him.’
14 “But when the tenants saw him, they talked the matter over. ‘This is the heir,’ they said. ‘Let’s kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.’ 15 So they threw him out of the vineyard and killed him.
“What then will the owner of the vineyard do to them? 16 He will come and kill those tenantsand give the vineyard to others.”
When the people heard this, they said, “God forbid!”
17 Jesus looked directly at them and asked, “Then what is the meaning of that which is written:
18 Everyone who falls on that stone will be broken to pieces; anyone on whom it falls will be crushed.”
19 The teachers of the law and the chief priests looked for a way to arrest him immediately, because they knew he had spoken this parable against them. But they were afraid of the people.
Paying Taxes to Caesar
20 Keeping a close watch on him, they sent spies, who pretended to be sincere. They hoped to catch Jesus in something he said, so that they might hand him over to the power and authority of the governor. 21 So the spies questioned him: “Teacher, we know that you speak and teach what is right, and that you do not show partiality but teach the way of God in accordance with the truth. 22 Is it right for us to pay taxes to Caesar or not?”
23 He saw through their duplicity and said to them, 24 “Show me a denarius. Whose image and inscription are on it?”
“Caesar’s,” they replied.
25 He said to them, “Then give back to Caesar what is Caesar’s, and to God what is God’s.”
26 They were unable to trap him in what he had said there in public. And astonished by his answer, they became silent.
The Resurrection and Marriage
27 Some of the Sadducees, who say there is no resurrection, came to Jesus with a question.28 “Teacher,” they said, “Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies and leaves a wife but no children, the man must marry the widow and raise up offspring for his brother. 29 Now there were seven brothers. The first one married a woman and died childless. 30 The second31 and then the third married her, and in the same way the seven died, leaving no children.32 Finally, the woman died too. 33 Now then, at the resurrection whose wife will she be, since the seven were married to her?”
34 Jesus replied, “The people of this age marry and are given in marriage. 35 But those who are considered worthy of taking part in the age to come and in the resurrection from the dead will neither marry nor be given in marriage, 36 and they can no longer die; for they are like the angels. They are God’s children, since they are children of the resurrection. 37 But in the account of the burning bush, even Moses showed that the dead rise, for he calls the Lord ‘the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.’[b] 38 He is not the God of the dead, but of the living, for to him all are alive.”
39 Some of the teachers of the law responded, “Well said, teacher!” 40 And no one dared to ask him any more questions.
Whose Son Is the Messiah?
41 Then Jesus said to them, “Why is it said that the Messiah is the son of David? 42 David himself declares in the Book of Psalms:
“‘The Lord said to my Lord:
“Sit at my right hand
43 until I make your enemies
a footstool for your feet.”’[c]
“Sit at my right hand
43 until I make your enemies
a footstool for your feet.”’[c]
44 David calls him ‘Lord.’ How then can he be his son?”
Warning Against the Teachers of the Law
45 While all the people were listening, Jesus said to his disciples, 46 “Beware of the teachers of the law. They like to walk around in flowing robes and love to be greeted with respect in the marketplaces and have the most important seats in the synagogues and the places of honor at banquets. 47 They devour widows’ houses and for a show make lengthy prayers. These men will be punished most severely.”
Footnotes:
- Luke 20:17 Psalm 118:22
- Luke 20:37 Exodus 3:6
- Luke 20:43 Psalm 110:1
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